The gastric balloon is a non-surgical obesity treatment widely applied worldwide. First developed in 1982, it provides a feeling of satiety by occupying space in the stomach, bridging the gap between diet/exercise and more complex bariatric surgeries. Recently, it has become popular among overweight and obese individuals who are not candidates for surgery.
The gastric balloon is also used as a preparatory step before obesity surgery, enabling rapid weight loss and helping to prevent the progression to morbid obesity when combined with a suitable diet and exercise plan.
Gastric balloons generally work on the same principle, but they vary based on factors like duration of use and adjustability.
Fixed Volume Balloons:
Inflated with 400-600 ml upon insertion, these balloons remain the same size and stay in the stomach for up to 6 months. At the end of this period, they are removed. The swallowable gastric balloon (e.g., Ellipse balloon) requires no endoscopy; it self-deflates and exits the body naturally after 4 months.
Adjustable Gastric Balloon:
Unlike fixed-volume balloons, adjustable balloons can have their volume modified after insertion, allowing adjustments based on weight loss progress. After an initial inflation of 400-500 ml, the balloon volume can be increased or decreased. Most gastric balloons, excluding the Allurion Ellipse, are inserted under sedation, not general anesthesia, ensuring a safer, less intensive experience.
Before the gastric balloon procedure, it’s essential to review any history of stomach surgery, stomach discomfort, or use of alcohol, drugs, and blood thinners. If you smoke or drink, it’s recommended to stop temporarily before the procedure. Blood thinners should be paused at least ten days beforehand. After confirming eligibility through preoperative tests, the date for the procedure is scheduled.
A gastric balloon typically remains in the stomach for up to 6 months, during which certain precautions are essential. Initial symptoms like nausea and vomiting may occur in the first 72 hours as the stomach adjusts. During this period, patients follow a liquid-only diet before gradually transitioning to regular foods.
By following these guidelines, patients can enhance their experience and effectiveness with a gastric balloon, supporting sustainable weight loss and healthier lifestyle habits.
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